HQY 一个和谐有爱的空间

Centos7 开始，网络由 NetworkManager 服务负责管理，相对于旧的 /etc/init.d/network 脚本，NetworkManager是动态的、事件驱动的网络管理服务。旧的 /etc/init.d/network 以及 ifup，ifdown 等依然存在，但是处于备用状态，即NetworkManager运行时，多数情况下这些脚本会调用NetworkManager去完成网络配置任务；NetworkManager没有运行时，这些脚本就按照老传统管理网络。NetworkManager 可用于以下连接类型：以太网、VLAN、网桥、绑定、成组、Wi-Fi、移动宽带（比如移/动网络 3G）及 IP-over-InfiniBand。在这些连接类型中，NetworkManager 可配置网络别名、IP 地址、静态路由器、DNS 信息及 VPN 连接以及很多具体连接参数。最后，NetworkManager 通过 D-bus 提供 API，D-Bus 允许应用程序查询并控制网络配置及状态。

1、网络配置文件:

/etc/sysconfig/network   说是全局设置，默认里面啥也没有，可以添加全局默认网关

/etc/hostname            　　用nmtui修改hostname后，主机名保存在这里

/etc/resolv.conf         　　  保存DNS设置，不需要手工改，nmtui里面设置的DNS会出现在这里

/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/　　　　　　　连接配置信息 ifcfg 文件

/etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/　VPN、移动宽带、PPPoE连接

2、 联网工具及应用程序概述

   

# systemctl status network.service -l

● network.service - LSB: Bring up/down networking

Loaded: loaded (/etc/rc.d/init.d/network; bad; vendor preset: disabled)

Active: active (exited) since Mon 2017-08-21 16:07:00 CST; 14min ago

Docs: man:systemd-sysv-generator(8)

   

Aug 21 16:06:59 lux-cobbler.gw.local systemd[1]: Starting LSB: Bring up/down networking...

Aug 21 16:07:00 lux-cobbler.gw.local network[7734]: Bringing up loopback interface: [ OK ]

Aug 21 16:07:00 lux-cobbler.gw.local network[7734]: Bringing up interface ens33: Connection successfully activated (D-Bus active path: /org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/ActiveConnection/5)

Aug 21 16:07:00 lux-cobbler.gw.local network[7734]: [ OK ]

Aug 21 16:07:00 lux-cobbler.gw.local systemd[1]: Started LSB: Bring up/down networking.

   

$ systemctl status NetworkManager.service -l

● NetworkManager.service - Network Manager

Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/NetworkManager.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)

Active: active (running) since Mon 2017-08-21 13:08:36 CST; 2h 54min ago

Docs: man:NetworkManager(8)

Main PID: 792 (NetworkManager)

CGroup: /system.slice/NetworkManager.service

└─792 /usr/sbin/NetworkManager --no-daemon

   

Aug 21 15:52:07 lux-cobbler.gw.local NetworkManager[792]: <info> [1503301927.9418] device (ens33): state change: prepare -> config (reason 'none') [40 50 0]

Aug 21 15:52:07 lux-cobbler.gw.local NetworkManager[792]: <info> [1503301927.9439] device (ens33): state change: config -> ip-config (reason 'none') [50 70 0]

Aug 21 15:52:08 lux-cobbler.gw.local NetworkManager[792]: <info> [1503301928.0081] device (ens33): state change: ip-config -> ip-check (reason 'none') [70 80 0]

Aug 21 15:52:08 lux-cobbler.gw.local NetworkManager[792]: <info> [1503301928.0295] device (ens33): state change: ip-check -> secondaries (reason 'none') [80 90 0]

Aug 21 15:52:08 lux-cobbler.gw.local NetworkManager[792]: <info> [1503301928.0302] device (ens33): state change: secondaries -> activated (reason 'none') [90 100 0]

Aug 21 15:52:08 lux-cobbler.gw.local NetworkManager[792]: <info> [1503301928.0304] manager: NetworkManager state is now CONNECTED_LOCAL

Aug 21 15:52:08 lux-cobbler.gw.local NetworkManager[792]: <info> [1503301928.0434] manager: NetworkManager state is now CONNECTED_GLOBAL

Aug 21 15:52:08 lux-cobbler.gw.local NetworkManager[792]: <info> [1503301928.0436] policy: set 'ens33' (ens33) as default for IPv4 routing and DNS

Aug 21 15:52:08 lux-cobbler.gw.local NetworkManager[792]: <info> [1503301928.0487] device (ens33): Activation: successful, device activated.

Aug 21 16:01:06 lux-cobbler.gw.local NetworkManager[792]: <info> [1503302466.7982] audit: op="connection-update" uuid="a0606da4-d759-4d55-9045-ce43cd812584" name="ens33" args="connection.timestamp,802-3-ethernet.duplex,ipv6.ip6-privacy,ipv6.method" pid=6676 uid=1000 result="success"

   

nmtui配置基本网络连接

nmtui 属于curses-based text user interface（文本用户界面)， 类似 Centos6 的 setup 工具，但只能编辑连接、启用/禁用连接、更改主机名。系统初装之后可以第一时间用nmtui配置网络设置。

# nmcli --help

Usage: nmcli [OPTIONS] OBJECT { COMMAND | help }

OPTIONS

-t[erse] terse output

-p[retty] pretty output

-m[ode] tabular|multiline output mode

-c[olors] auto|yes|no whether to use colors in output

-f[ields] <field1,field2,...>|all|common specify fields to output

-e[scape] yes|no escape columns separators in values

-a[sk] ask for missing parameters

-s[how-secrets] allow displaying passwords

-w[ait] <seconds> set timeout waiting for finishing operations

-v[ersion] show program version

-h[elp] print this help

   

OBJECT

g[eneral] NetworkManager's general status and operations

n[etworking] overall networking control

r[adio] NetworkManager radio switches

c[onnection] NetworkManager's connections

d[evice] devices managed by NetworkManager

a[gent] NetworkManager secret agent or polkit agent

m[onitor] monitor NetworkManager changes

   

OBJECT和COMMAND可以用全称也可以用简称，最少可以只用一个字母，建议用头三个字母。OBJECT里面我们平时用的最多的就是connection和device，这里需要简单区分一下connection和device。

device叫网络接口，是物理设备

connection是连接，偏重于逻辑设置

多个connection可以应用到同一个device，但同一时间只能启用其中一个connection。这样的好处是针对一个网络接口，我们可以设置多个网络连接，比如静态IP和动态IP，再根据需要up相应的connection。

nmcli con show

nmcli con up eth0

nmcli dev show

   

$ nmcli general

STATE CONNECTIVITY WIFI-HW WIFI WWAN-HW WWAN

connected full enabled enabled enabled enabled

   

$ nmcli device

DEVICE TYPE STATE CONNECTION

ens33 ethernet connected ens33

lo loopback unmanaged --

 

$ nmcli connection

NAME UUID TYPE DEVICE

ens33 a0606da4-d759-4d55-9045-ce43cd812584 802-3-ethernet ens33

   

用nmtui编辑一个连接后，网卡连接配置文件ifcfg-ifname也会相应地改动。直接手工修改ifcfg-ifname，nmtui中用你看到。但不论是用nmtui编辑还是手工修改ifcfg文件，想让新的配置生效，我们需要让 NetworkManager 重新读取该ifcfg配置文件，并重新启用该连接。方法是作为 root 运行以下命令：

# nmcli connection reload

或者只重新载入那些有变化的文件 ifcfg-ifname

# nmcli con load /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ifname

# nmcli dev con connection-name

推荐本站淘宝优惠价购买喜欢的宝贝:

本文链接：https://hqyman.cn/post/708.html 非本站原创文章欢迎转载，原创文章需保留本站地址！

休息一下~~