启动盘制作
使用 Windows 制作启动盘
安装 ventoy 到 U 盘
下载最新版本:https://github.com/ventoy/Ventoy/releases/download/v1.1.05/ventoy-1.1.05-windows.zip
解压后打开 ventoy-1.1.05 目录
运行 Ventoy2Disk.exe
确认 U 盘设备
运行安装等待结束
使用 macOS 制作启动盘
安装 ventoy 到 U 盘
# wget https://github.com/ventoy/Ventoy/releases/download/v1.1.05/ventoy-1.1.05-linux.tar.gz
# tar xzvf ventoy-1.1.05-linux.tar.gz
# cd ventoy-1.1.05
# brew install --HEAD https://raw.githubusercontent.com/daniel-toman/homebrew-exfat/master/Formula/exfat.rb
# cp -rp /usr/bin/hexdump /usr/local/bin/xzcat tool/x86_64
# brew tap daniel-toman/exfat
# brew install --HEAD exfat
# diskutil list
# diskutil unmountDisk /dev/disk2
...
# ./Ventoy2Disk.sh -i /dev/disk2
使用 Linux 制作启动盘
安装 ventoy 到 U 盘或本地盘
# wget https://github.com/ventoy/Ventoy/releases/download/v1.1.05/ventoy-1.1.05-linux.tar.gz# tar xzvf ventoy-1.1.05-linux.tar.gz# cd ventoy-1.1.05# yum install -y tar wget dosfstools exfatprogs# lsblk...# ./Ventoy2Disk.sh -i /dev/sdb... Install Ventoy to /dev/sdb successfully finished.# lsblk /dev/sdbNAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sdb 8:16 0 16G 0 disk
├─sdb1 8:17 0 16G 0 part
└─sdb2 8:18 0 32M 0 part# sdb1 默认使用的是 exfat 格式, 也可将 sdb1 重新格式化其他格式
U 盘安装系统
普通安装
只需要把 ISO/WIM/IMG/VHD(x)/EFI 等类型的文件直接拷贝到 U 盘里即可
自动安装
挂载数据盘
# mount /dev/sdb1 /mnt
上传 ISO 文件
# mkdir /mnt/isos # 上传文件到此目录下: /mnt/isos/CentOS-8.5.2111-x86_64-dvd1.iso
上传 KS 应答文件
# mkdir /mnt/templates # 上传文件到此目录下: /mnt/templates/centos8.5-ks.cfg
配置自动安装
以 CentOS8.5.2111 自动安装为例
# cat /mnt/ventoy/ventoy.json
{
"auto_install":[
{
"image": "/isos/CentOS-8.5.2111-x86_64-dvd1.iso",
"template":[
"/ventoy/templates/centos8.5-ks.cfg"
],
"autoselect": 1,
"timeout": 10
},
{
"image": "/isos/CentOS-8.5.2111-x86_64-boot.iso",
"template":[
"/ventoy/templates/centos8-ks-localdisk.cfg",
"/ventoy/templates/centos8-ks-internet.cfg"
],
"autoselect": 1,
"timeout": 10
}
]
}
启动安装测试
开机 U 盘启动
- CentOS-8.5.2111-x86_64-dvd1.iso
- Boot with /script/centos8-ks.cfg
- Boot in normal mode
- 进入正常安装界面选择安装即可
附 KS 文件示例
#version=RHEL8
# Use CDROM installation media
cdrom
#url --url=http://192.168.33.20/jos/4.0/os/x86_64/
# Use text/graphical mode install
#graphical
text
# Do not configure the X Window System
skipx
# Run the Setup Agent on first boot
firstboot --disable
# Keyboard layouts
keyboard --vckeymap=us --xlayouts='us'
# System language
lang en_US.UTF-8 --addsupport=""
# Network information
network --hostname=localhost.localdomain
network --bootproto=dhcp --device=eth0 --onboot=yes --ipv6=auto --activate
network --bootproto=static --device=ens18 --onboot=off --ipv6=auto --activate --gateway=192.168.103.254 --ip=192.168.103.106 --netmask=255.255.255.0 --nameserver=114.114.114.114
#repo --name="AppStream" --baseurl=file:///run/install/repo/AppStream
# Root password
rootpw --iscrypted $6$rounds=656000$XOnNPMrf7WaTCcpp$qkoKmih/JqnzovPxnMBmEi65hltSXzzwcjbHPlktl8t4rLSXpMrXz4R/LldMYGOTU/tPPScajqo1vx2rBimKS0
user --groups=wheel --name=oops --password=$6$rounds=656000$JaFBqKo9a1yeUJkp$ToIvKwAflwAxxDp96ru25fgdbNbBZyZQXVxtW0WMDjaFyz6LHiHWk/hOEnNezygoKu/KLfpEbB5Nh2EVvuqNx1 --iscrypted --uid=1000 --gecos="oops" --gid=1000
# System services
services --enabled="chronyd"
services --enabled="NetworkManager"
services --disabled="postfix"
# Firewall configuration
firewall --disabled
# SELinux configuration
selinux --disabled
# System timezone
timezone Asia/Shanghai --nontp
# System bootloader configuration
bootloader --location=mbr --boot-drive=sda
# Ignore disks (include usb/hda/vda)
#ignoredisk --only-use=sda
%include /tmp/ignoredisk.cfg
# Clear the Master Boot Record
zerombr
# Partition clearing information
clearpart --all --initlabel --drives=sda
# Disk partitioning information
part /boot --fstype="xfs" --ondisk=sda --size=1024
part swap --fstype="swap" --ondisk=sda --grow --size=4096 --maxsize=16384 --recommended
part / --fstype="xfs" --ondisk=sda --grow --size=1024 --maxsize=307200
#part /boot --fstype="xfs" --ondisk=sda --size=1024
#part pv.109 --fstype="lvmpv" --ondisk=sda --size=1 --grow
#volgroup centos --pesize=4096 pv.109
#logvol swap --fstype="swap" --grow --size=4096 --recommended --maxsize=16384 --name=swap --vgname=centos
#logvol / --fstype="xfs" --grow --maxsize=307200 --size=1024 --name=root --vgname=centos
# Reboot after installation
#reboot --eject
poweroff
%packages --ignoremissing
@^minimal-environmentkexec-toolsbc
jq
vim
net-tools
%end
%addon com_redhat_kdump --enable --reserve-mb='auto'
%end
# Create a %pre section as below
%pre --interpreter=/usr/bin/bash
#ls /dev/disk/by-path/*usb* && echo "ignoredisk --drives=/dev/disk/by-path/*usb*" >/tmp/ignoredisk.cfg
readlink -e /dev/disk/by-path/*usb* | awk '!/[0-9]+$/ && !a[$1]++' | sed 'N;s/\n/,/' | while read i; do echo "ignoredisk --drives=$i"; done > /tmp/ignoredisk.cfg
%end
# Create a %post section as below
%post --log=/var/log/centos-init.log --interpreter=/usr/bin/bash
# user
cat > /etc/sudoers.d/oops <<EOF
oops ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL
EOF
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