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现在想用另外一个公网IP再搭建一条IPSecVPN.

请问IPSecVPN创建时优先级都配置成1是否可行？不行，如何判断数据从哪个出口走的？

是单独的线路就可以，不是就不行。

是否可以用一个公网IP搭建多条IPSecVPN? 优先级又如何设置？

可以的，参考以下案例

组网及说明

F1与F2建立两条IPsec隧道，一条主用，一条备用，当主用隧道出现故障时，流量切换到备用隧道。   

配置步骤

1.      Internet配置

interface GigabitEthernet0/0

 ip address 100.100.100.1 255.255.255.0

#

interface GigabitEthernet0/1

 ip address 150.150.150.1 255.255.255.0

#

interface GigabitEthernet0/2

 ip address 200.200.200.1 255.255.255.0

2.       F1配置

interface LoopBack0 # 配置作为建立GRE隧道源地址的环回口

 ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.255

#

interface LoopBack1 # 配置作为建立GRE隧道源地址的环回口

 ip address 192.168.1.3 255.255.255.255

#

interface LoopBack10 # 配置作为内网地址的环回口

 ip address 10.10.10.1 255.255.255.0

#

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/0 # 配置ISP1公网接口，调用IPSec策略

 ip address 100.100.100.100 255.255.255.0

 nat outbound name nat

 ipsec apply policy ipsec-isp1

#

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1 # 配置ISP2公网接口，调用IPSec策略

 ip address 150.150.150.150 255.255.255.0

 nat outbound name nat

 ipsec apply policy ipsec-isp2

#

interface Tunnel1 mode gre # 配置GRE隧道1

 ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.252

 source 192.168.1.1 # 源地址为lo 0地址

 destination 192.168.1.2 # 目的地址为对端lo 0地址

 keepalive 10 3 # 配置Keepalive检测GRE隧道是否正常通信

#             

interface Tunnel2 mode gre # 配置GRE隧道2

 ip address 192.168.2.5 255.255.255.252

 source 192.168.1.3 # 源地址为lo 1地址

 destination 192.168.1.4 # 目的地址为对端lo 1地址

 keepalive 10 3

#

policy-based-route ipsec permit node 10 # 配置PBR，匹配主用公网出口和对端建立ipsec的流量走主用出口

 if-match acl 3500

 apply next-hop 100.100.100.1

#

policy-based-route ipsec permit node 20 # 配置PBR，匹配备用公网出口和对端建立ipsec的流量走备用出口

 if-match acl 3501

 apply next-hop 150.150.150.1

#

ip local policy-based-route ipsec # 本地调用策略路由，如果不配置这个，会导致备用出口的ipsec流量根据路由表走主用出口，从而导致ipsec协商失败。

#

security-zone name Trust # 将GRE隧道口与内网口加入Trust域

 import interface LoopBack10

 import interface Tunnel1

 import interface Tunnel2

#

security-zone name Untrust # 将公网口加入Untrust域

 import interface GigabitEthernet1/0/0

 import interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1

#

zone-pair security source Local destination Trust # 放通Local到Trust，用于业务网段互访，由于实验环境时环回口模拟内网网段，因此是Local到Trust而不是Trust到Trust

 packet-filter 2000

#

zone-pair security source Local destination Untrust # 放通Local到Untrust，使GRE over IPSec隧道正常建立

 packet-filter 2000

#

zone-pair security source Trust destination Local # 放通Trust到Local，用于业务网段互访，由于实验环境时环回口模拟内网网段，因此是Trust到Local而不是Trust到Trust

 packet-filter 2000

#

zone-pair security source Trust destination Trust # 放通Trust到Trust，在真实的环境下配置实现业务网段互访

 packet-filter 2000

#

zone-pair security source Untrust destination Local # 放通Untrust到Local，使GRE over IPSec隧道正常建立

 packet-filter 2000

#

 ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 100.100.100.1 # 公网主用路由

 ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 150.150.150.1 preference 65 # 公网备份路由

 ip route-static 10.20.20.0 24 192.168.2.2 # 业务互访走主用隧道

 ip route-static 10.20.20.0 24 192.168.2.6 preference 65 # 业务网段备份路由

 ip route-static 192.168.1.2 32 100.100.100.1 # GRE over IPsec隧道1走ISP1

 ip route-static 192.168.1.4 32 150.150.150.1 # GRE over IPSec隧道2走ISP2，若没有此条路由，会因为接口地址与需协商的IPsec SA不一致导致无法正常协商IPSec SA

#

acl basic 2000 # 域间策略ACL

 rule 0 permit

#

acl advance 3500 # PBR ACL1

 rule 10 permit ip source 100.100.100.100 0 destination 200.200.200.200 0

#

acl advance 3501 # PBR ACL2

 rule 10 permit ip source 150.150.150.150 0 destination 200.200.200.200 0

#

acl advanced name ipsec # IPSec ACL

 rule 10 permit ip source 192.168.1.1 0 destination 192.168.1.2 0

 rule 20 permit ip source 192.168.1.3 0 destination 192.168.1.4 0

#

acl advanced name nat # NAT ACL，拒绝IPSec流量

 rule 10 deny ip source 192.168.1.1 0 destination 192.168.1.2 0

 rule 20 deny ip source 192.168.1.3 0 destination 192.168.1.4 0

 rule 30 permit ip

#

ipsec transform-set 1 # 配置IPSec转换集

 esp encryption-algorithm aes-cbc-256

 esp authentication-algorithm sha1

#

ipsec policy ipsec-isp1 10 isakmp # 配置ISP1的IPSec策略

 transform-set 1

 security acl name ipsec # 匹配GRE隧道流

 local-address 100.100.100.100

 remote-address 200.200.200.200 # policy必须配置remote-address，若采用policy-template则不是必选

 ike-profile isp1

#

ipsec policy ipsec-isp2 10 isakmp # 配置ISP2的IPSec策略

 transform-set 1

 security acl name ipsec # 匹配GRE隧道流

 local-address 150.150.150.150

 remote-address 200.200.200.200

 ike-profile isp2

#

ike profile isp1 # 配置ISP1的IKE策略集

 keychain 1

 local-identity address 100.100.100.100

 match remote identity address 200.200.200.200 255.255.255.255

 proposal 1

#

ike profile isp2 # 配置ISP2的IKE策略集

 keychain 1

 local-identity address 150.150.150.150

 match remote identity address 200.200.200.200 255.255.255.255

 proposal 1

#

ike proposal 1 # 配置IKE proposal

 encryption-algorithm aes-cbc-256

 dh group2

#

ike keychain 1 # 配置IKE密钥

 pre-shared-key address 200.200.200.200 255.255.255.255 key simple ipsec

3.       F2配置

interface LoopBack0 # 配置作为建立GRE隧道源地址的环回口

 ip address 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.255

#

interface LoopBack1 # 配置作为建立GRE隧道源地址的环回口

 ip address 192.168.1.4 255.255.255.255

#

interface LoopBack10 # 配置作为内网地址的环回口

 ip address 10.20.10.1 255.255.255.0

#

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/0 # 配置公网接口，调用IPSec策略

 ip address 200.200.200.200 255.255.255.0

 nat outbound name nat

 ipsec apply policy ipsec

#

interface Tunnel1 mode gre # 配置GRE隧道1

 ip address 192.168.2.2 255.255.255.252

 source 192.168.1.2

 destination 192.168.1.1

 keepalive 10 3

#

interface Tunnel2 mode gre # 配置GRE隧道2

 ip address 192.168.2.6 255.255.255.252

 source 192.168.1.4

 destination 192.168.1.3

 keepalive 10 3

#

security-zone name Trust # 将GRE隧道口与内网口加入Trust域

 import interface LoopBack10

 import interface Tunnel1

 import interface Tunnel2

#

security-zone name Untrust # 将公网口加入Untrust域

 import interface GigabitEthernet1/0/0

#

zone-pair security source Local destination Trust # 放通Local到Trust

 packet-filter 2000

#

zone-pair security source Local destination Untrust # 放通Local到Untrust

 packet-filter 2000

#

zone-pair security source Trust destination Local # 放通Trust到Local

 packet-filter 2000

#

zone-pair security source Trust destination Trust # 放通Trust到Trust

 packet-filter 2000

#

zone-pair security source Untrust destination Local # 放通Untrust到Local

 packet-filter 2000

#

 ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 200.200.200.1 # 默认路由

 ip route-static 10.20.10.0 24 192.168.2.1 # 业务互访走主用隧道

 ip route-static 10.20.10.0 24 192.168.2.5 preference 65 # 业务网段备份路由

#

acl basic 2000 # 域间策略ACL

 rule 0 permit

#             

acl advanced name ipsec_to_isp1 # 前往ISP1的IPSec ACL

 rule 10 permit ip source 192.168.1.2 0 destination 192.168.1.1 0

#

acl advanced name ipsec_to_isp2 # 前往ISP2的IPSec ACL

 rule 10 permit ip source 192.168.1.4 0 destination 192.168.1.3 0

#

acl advanced name nat # NAT ACL

 rule 10 deny ip source 192.168.1.2 0 destination 192.168.1.1 0

 rule 20 deny ip source 192.168.1.4 0 destination 192.168.1.3 0

 rule 30 permit ip

#

ipsec transform-set 1 # 配置IPSec转换集

 esp encryption-algorithm aes-cbc-256

 esp authentication-algorithm sha1

#

ipsec policy ipsec 10 isakmp # 配置前往ISP1的IPSec策略

 transform-set 1

 security acl name ipsec_to_isp1

 local-address 200.200.200.200

 remote-address 100.100.100.100

 ike-profile to_isp1

#

ipsec policy ipsec 20 isakmp # 配置前往ISP2的IPSec策略

 transform-set 1

 security acl name ipsec_to_isp2

 local-address 200.200.200.200

 remote-address 150.150.150.150

 ike-profile to_isp2

#

ike profile to_isp1 # 配置前往ISP1的IKE策略集

 keychain to_isp1

 local-identity address 200.200.200.200

 match remote identity address 100.100.100.100 255.255.255.255

 proposal 1

#

ike profile to_isp2 # 配置前往ISP2的IKE策略集

 keychain to_isp2

 local-identity address 200.200.200.200

 match remote identity address 150.150.150.150 255.255.255.255

 proposal 1

#

ike proposal 1 # 配置IKE proposal

 encryption-algorithm aes-cbc-256

 dh group2

#

ike keychain to_isp1 # 配置前往ISP1的IKE密钥

 pre-shared-key address 100.100.100.100 255.255.255.255 key simple ipsec

#

ike keychain to_isp2 # 配置前往ISP2的IKE密钥

 pre-shared-key address 150.150.150.150 255.255.255.255 key simple ipsec

配置关键点

1.      IPSec本身没有虚接口，无法实现主备切换，因此采用GRE over IPsec方式利用GRE的Tunnel接口实现主备切换。

2.      NAT的优先级比IPSec高，因此必须在NAT的感兴趣流中拒绝掉IPSec的数据流，否则数据流会优先被NAT转换，然后会导致无法匹配IPSec感兴趣流。

3.      F1是双出口，F2是单出口，因此F1必须要配置本地策略路由，确保主接口去对端协商IPSec的流量和备接口协商IPSec的流量分别走各自出口，否则会导致备接口协商IPSec的流量根据路由表走主接口，从而无法协商IPSec SA。

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