基于DHCP服务器使用 PXE 引导和 kickstart (UEFI) 自动安装 ESXi 7
基于UEFI的PXE安装 ESXi 7
PXE网络引导自动化安装 ESXi 7 详解
PXE+Kickstart 批量安装 ESXi 7
使用PXE 和TFTP 引导ESXi 安装ESXi 7 程序
1 基于DHCP服务器使用 PXE 引导和 kickstart (UEFI) 自动安装 ESXi 7 录制视频
#CentOS 7 系统 安装dhcp服务器 、 tftp-server服务器 、 web服务器 yum install -y dhcp tftp-server httpd
1、配置DHCP服务器
守护进程 ：/etc/sbin/dhcpd 脚本：/etc/init.d/dhcpd 端口：67(bootps) 服务端，68(bootpc) 客户端 配置文件：/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf 租约信息：/var/lib/dhcpd/dhcpd.leases 配置文件：cp /usr/share/doc/dhcp-4.2.5/dhcpd.conf.example /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf 修改DHCP监听特定端口 vi /etc/sysconfig/dhcpd #编辑DHCP服务器配置文件 vi /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf default-lease-time 600; max-lease-time 7200; log-facility local7; subnet 10.53.220.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 { range 10.53.220.41 10.53.220.49; option domain-name-servers 10.1.0.1, 114.114.114.114; #DNS服务器IP地址 option routers 10.53.220.1; #网关地址 next-server 10.53.220.224; # 指定TFTP服务器地址 filename "/mboot.efi"; # 指定网络引导映像文件 } #绑定IP地址 host zhangfangzhou { #zhangfangzhou 随意指定，但必须唯一 hardware ethernet 00:50:56:99:06:b7; fixed-address 10.53.220.48; }
#DHCP的服务设置开机启动、启动DHCP服务
systemctl enable dhcpd && systemctl start dhcpd
########防火墙设置
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=67/udp --permanent
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=68/udp --permanent
#重新载入配置
firewall-cmd --reload
firewall-cmd --list-all #查看防火墙规则，只显示/etc/firewalld/zones/public.xml中防火墙策略
2、配置 tftp 服务器
#创建文件夹，主要是下载ESXi 7和挂载ESXi 7使用mkdir -p /var/lib/tftpboot/{iso,ESXi70u2}
wget -P /var/lib/tftpboot/iso http://10.53.123.144/ISO/ESXi/VMware-VMvisor-Installer-7.0U2a-17867351.x86_64.iso
cd /var/lib/tftpboot
mount /var/lib/tftpboot/iso/VMware-VMvisor-Installer-7.0U2a-17867351.x86_64.iso /var/lib/tftpboot/ESXi70u2 #重启后需要重新mount
#1、UEFI启动 ESXi 7
将上面DHCP服务器指定的启动镜像文件复制到指定目录下。上面的设置示例名为“mboot.efi”，因此将其复制为该名称。
cd /var/lib/tftpboot/
cp -p /var/lib/tftpboot/ESXi70u2/efi/boot/bootx64.efi /var/lib/tftpboot/mboot.efi
直接在 tftpboot 下复制名为 boot.cfg 的文件，该文件描述了引导设置。
cp -p /var/lib/tftpboot/ESXi70u2/efi/boot/boot.cfg /var/lib/tftpboot/boot.cfg
#2、传统BIOS启动 ESXi 7
如果要使用旧版 BIOS，则需要3.86版的 syslinux 软件包。从 https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/boot/syslinux/ 下载包
cd /tmp
wget https://mirrors.edge.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/boot/syslinux/3.xx/syslinux-3.86.tar.gz
tar xvzf syslinux-3.86.tar.gz
cp -p syslinux-3.86/core/mboot.efi /var/lib/tftpboot/
#3、修改boot.cfg
删除 boot.cfg 中文件路径的“/”
sed -i 's|/||g' boot.cfg
4、检查boot.cfg
根据您的环境更改“标题”和“前缀”。为“title”使用一个描述性名称是个好主意，它是自动安装过程中显示的标题字符。“前缀prefix”指定存储 ESXi 安装程序的目录。在这种情况下，它将是“ESXi70u2”。 修改title和refix名称 prefix=ESXi70u2 (ESXi70u2就是上面ESXi ISO文件mount的文件夹) # vi /var/lib/tftpboot/boot.cfg bootstate=0 title=Loading ESXi installer www.zhangfangzhou.cn timeout=5 prefix=ESXi70u2 kernel=b.b00 kernelopt=runweasel cdromBoot modules=jumpstrt.gz --- useropts.gz --- features.gz --- k.b00 --- uc_intel.b00 --- uc_amd.b00 --- uc_hygon.b00 --- procfs.b00 --- vmx.v00 --- vim.v00 --- tpm.v00 --- sb.v00 --- s.v00 --- atlantic.v00 --- bnxtnet.v00 --- bnxtroce.v00 --- brcmfcoe.v00 --- brcmnvme.v00 --- elxiscsi.v00 --- elxnet.v00 --- i40enu.v00 --- iavmd.v00 --- icen.v00 --- igbn.v00 --- irdman.v00 --- iser.v00 --- ixgben.v00 --- lpfc.v00 --- lpnic.v00 --- lsi_mr3.v00 --- lsi_msgp.v00 --- lsi_msgp.v01 --- lsi_msgp.v02 --- mtip32xx.v00 --- ne1000.v00 --- nenic.v00 --- nfnic.v00 --- nhpsa.v00 --- nmlx4_co.v00 --- nmlx4_en.v00 --- nmlx4_rd.v00 --- nmlx5_co.v00 --- nmlx5_rd.v00 --- ntg3.v00 --- nvme_pci.v00 --- nvmerdma.v00 --- nvmxnet3.v00 --- nvmxnet3.v01 --- pvscsi.v00 --- qcnic.v00 --- qedentv.v00 --- qedrntv.v00 --- qfle3.v00 --- qfle3f.v00 --- qfle3i.v00 --- qflge.v00 --- rste.v00 --- sfvmk.v00 --- smartpqi.v00 --- vmkata.v00 --- vmkfcoe.v00 --- vmkusb.v00 --- vmw_ahci.v00 --- clusters.v00 --- crx.v00 --- elx_esx_.v00 --- btldr.v00 --- esx_dvfi.v00 --- esx_ui.v00 --- esxupdt.v00 --- tpmesxup.v00 --- weaselin.v00 --- loadesx.v00 --- lsuv2_hp.v00 --- lsuv2_in.v00 --- lsuv2_ls.v00 --- lsuv2_nv.v00 --- lsuv2_oe.v00 --- lsuv2_oe.v01 --- lsuv2_oe.v02 --- lsuv2_sm.v00 --- native_m.v00 --- qlnative.v00 --- vdfs.v00 --- vmware_e.v00 --- vsan.v00 --- vsanheal.v00 --- vsanmgmt.v00 --- tools.t00 --- xorg.v00 --- gc.v00 --- imgdb.tgz --- basemisc.tgz --- resvibs.tgz --- imgpayld.tgz build=7.0.2-0.0.17867351 updated=0
到这一步可以实现通过PXE网络安装ESXi
5、配置web 服务器
#默认网站目录/var/www/html systemctl enable httpd && systemctl start httpd ########防火墙设置 firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=80/tcp --permanent firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=443/tcp --permanent #重新载入配置 firewall-cmd --reload firewall-cmd --list-all #查看防火墙规则，只显示/etc/firewalld/zones/public.xml中防火墙策略
6、配置 ESXi 7 的 kickstart
示例 kickstart 文件存储在 ESXi 的 /etc/vmware/weasel/ks.cfg 中。将此复制到 http 服务器上的 /var/www/html #示例 1 kickstart 文件，给ESXi 7 配置 静态IP地址 vi /var/www/html/ks.cfg ##################### # Accept the VMware End User License Agreement vmaccepteula # Set the root password for the DCUI and Tech Support Mode rootpw P@ssw0rd # The install media is in the CD-ROM drive install --firstdisk --overwritevmfs # Set the network on the first network adapter network --bootproto=static --device=vmnic0 --ip=10.53.220.199 --netmask=255.255.255.0 --vlanid=0 --gateway=10.53.220.1 --hostname=10.53.220.199 --nameserver=10.1.0.1 #vmserialnum vmserialnum --esx=5U4TK-DML1M-M8550-XK1QP-1A052 # reboot after install reboot # run the following command only on the firstboot %firstboot --interpreter=busybox sleep 10 # enable & start remote ESXi Shell (SSH) vim-cmd hostsvc/enable_ssh vim-cmd hostsvc/start_ssh sleep 1 # enable & start ESXi Shell (TSM) vim-cmd hostsvc/enable_esx_shell vim-cmd hostsvc/start_esx_shell sleep 1 # enable High Performance esxcli system settings advanced set --option=/Power/CpuPolicy --string-value="High Performance" sleep 1 #Disable ipv6 esxcli network ip set --ipv6-enabled=0 sleep 1 #不加入体验 esxcli system settings advanced set -o /UserVars/HostClientCEIPOptIn -i 2 sleep 1 #enable ntp /bin/esxcli system ntp set --server=ntp.aliyun.com sleep 1 /bin/chkconfig ntpd on sleep 1 #Disable ShellWarning esxcli system settings advanced set -o /UserVars/SuppressShellWarning -i 1 sleep 1 cat << EOF > /etc/ssh/keys-root/authorized_keys ssh-rsa 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 www.zhangfangzhou.cn EOF sleep 1 date > /finished.stamp # Restart a last time reboot #示例 2 kickstart 文件，ESXi 7 通过 DHCP 服务器获得IP地址 vi /var/www/html/ks.cfg # Accept the VMware End User License Agreement vmaccepteula # Set the root password for the DCUI and Tech Support Mode rootpw P@ssw0rd # The install media is in the CD-ROM drive install --firstdisk --overwritevmfs # Set the network on the first network adapter network --bootproto=dhcp #vmserialnum vmserialnum --esx=5U4TK-DML1M-M8550-XK1QP-1A052 # reboot after install reboot # run the following command only on the firstboot %firstboot --interpreter=busybox sleep 10 # enable & start remote ESXi Shell (SSH) vim-cmd hostsvc/enable_ssh vim-cmd hostsvc/start_ssh sleep 1 # enable & start ESXi Shell (TSM) vim-cmd hostsvc/enable_esx_shell vim-cmd hostsvc/start_esx_shell sleep 1 # enable High Performance esxcli system settings advanced set --option=/Power/CpuPolicy --string-value="High Performance" sleep 1 #Disable ipv6 esxcli network ip set --ipv6-enabled=0 sleep 1 #不加入体验 esxcli system settings advanced set -o /UserVars/HostClientCEIPOptIn -i 2 sleep 1 #enable ntp /bin/esxcli system ntp set --server=ntp.aliyun.com sleep 1 /bin/chkconfig ntpd on sleep 1 #Disable ShellWarning esxcli system settings advanced set -o /UserVars/SuppressShellWarning -i 1 sleep 1 cat << EOF > /etc/ssh/keys-root/authorized_keys ssh-rsa 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 www.zhangfangzhou.cn EOF sleep 1 date > /finished.stamp # Restart a last time reboot
7、最终boot.cfg配置文件
# vi /var/lib/tftpboot/boot.cfg bootstate=0 title=Loading ESXi installer www.zhangfangzhou.cn timeout=5 prefix=ESXi70u2 kernel=b.b00 kernelopt=ks=http://10.53.220.224/ks.cfg modules=jumpstrt.gz --- useropts.gz --- features.gz --- k.b00 --- uc_intel.b00 --- uc_amd.b00 --- uc_hygon.b00 --- procfs.b00 --- vmx.v00 --- vim.v00 --- tpm.v00 --- sb.v00 --- s.v00 --- atlantic.v00 --- bnxtnet.v00 --- bnxtroce.v00 --- brcmfcoe.v00 --- brcmnvme.v00 --- elxiscsi.v00 --- elxnet.v00 --- i40enu.v00 --- iavmd.v00 --- icen.v00 --- igbn.v00 --- irdman.v00 --- iser.v00 --- ixgben.v00 --- lpfc.v00 --- lpnic.v00 --- lsi_mr3.v00 --- lsi_msgp.v00 --- lsi_msgp.v01 --- lsi_msgp.v02 --- mtip32xx.v00 --- ne1000.v00 --- nenic.v00 --- nfnic.v00 --- nhpsa.v00 --- nmlx4_co.v00 --- nmlx4_en.v00 --- nmlx4_rd.v00 --- nmlx5_co.v00 --- nmlx5_rd.v00 --- ntg3.v00 --- nvme_pci.v00 --- nvmerdma.v00 --- nvmxnet3.v00 --- nvmxnet3.v01 --- pvscsi.v00 --- qcnic.v00 --- qedentv.v00 --- qedrntv.v00 --- qfle3.v00 --- qfle3f.v00 --- qfle3i.v00 --- qflge.v00 --- rste.v00 --- sfvmk.v00 --- smartpqi.v00 --- vmkata.v00 --- vmkfcoe.v00 --- vmkusb.v00 --- vmw_ahci.v00 --- clusters.v00 --- crx.v00 --- elx_esx_.v00 --- btldr.v00 --- esx_dvfi.v00 --- esx_ui.v00 --- esxupdt.v00 --- tpmesxup.v00 --- weaselin.v00 --- loadesx.v00 --- lsuv2_hp.v00 --- lsuv2_in.v00 --- lsuv2_ls.v00 --- lsuv2_nv.v00 --- lsuv2_oe.v00 --- lsuv2_oe.v01 --- lsuv2_oe.v02 --- lsuv2_sm.v00 --- native_m.v00 --- qlnative.v00 --- vdfs.v00 --- vmware_e.v00 --- vsan.v00 --- vsanheal.v00 --- vsanmgmt.v00 --- tools.t00 --- xorg.v00 --- gc.v00 --- imgdb.tgz --- basemisc.tgz --- resvibs.tgz --- imgpayld.tgz build=7.0.2-0.0.17867351 updated=0
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